Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:
1. That §§16.1-260, 18.2-250.1, 18.2-251, 18.2-252, 18.2-259.1, 18.2-308.09, 18.2-308.1:5, and 46.2-390.1 of the Code of Virginia are amended and reenacted as follows:
§16.1-260. Intake; petition; investigation.
A. All matters alleged to be within the jurisdiction of the court shall be commenced by the filing of a petition, except as provided in subsection H and in §16.1-259. The form and content of the petition shall be as provided in §16.1-262. No individual shall be required to obtain support services from the Department of Social Services prior to filing a petition seeking support for a child. Complaints, requests, and the processing of petitions to initiate a case shall be the responsibility of the intake officer. However, (i) the attorney for the Commonwealth of the city or county may file a petition on his own motion with the clerk; (ii) designated nonattorney employees of the Department of Social Services may complete, sign, and file petitions and motions relating to the establishment, modification, or enforcement of support on forms approved by the Supreme Court of Virginia with the clerk; (iii) designated nonattorney employees of a local department of social services may complete, sign, and file with the clerk, on forms approved by the Supreme Court of Virginia, petitions for foster care review, petitions for permanency planning hearings, petitions to establish paternity, motions to establish or modify support, motions to amend or review an order, and motions for a rule to show cause; and (iv) any attorney may file petitions on behalf of his client with the clerk except petitions alleging that the subject of the petition is a child alleged to be in need of services, in need of supervision, or delinquent. Complaints alleging abuse or neglect of a child shall be referred initially to the local department of social services in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 15 (§63.2-1500 et seq.) of Title 63.2. Motions and other subsequent pleadings in a case shall be filed directly with the clerk. The intake officer or clerk with whom the petition or motion is filed shall inquire whether the petitioner is receiving child support services or public assistance. No individual who is receiving support services or public assistance shall be denied the right to file a petition or motion to establish, modify, or enforce an order for support of a child. If the petitioner is seeking or receiving child support services or public assistance, the clerk, upon issuance of process, shall forward a copy of the petition or motion, together with notice of the court date, to the Division of Child Support Enforcement.
B. The appearance of a child before an intake officer may be by (i) personal appearance before the intake officer or (ii) use of two-way electronic video and audio communication. If two-way electronic video and audio communication is used, an intake officer may exercise all powers conferred by law. All communications and proceedings shall be conducted in the same manner as if the appearance were in person, and any documents filed may be transmitted by facsimile process. The facsimile may be served or executed by the officer or person to whom sent, and returned in the same manner, and with the same force, effect, authority, and liability as an original document. All signatures thereon shall be treated as original signatures. Any two-way electronic video and audio communication system used for an appearance shall meet the standards as set forth in subsection B of §19.2-3.1.
When the court service unit of any court receives a complaint alleging facts which may be sufficient to invoke the jurisdiction of the court pursuant to §16.1-241, the unit, through an intake officer, may proceed informally to make such adjustment as is practicable without the filing of a petition or may authorize a petition to be filed by any complainant having sufficient knowledge of the matter to establish probable cause for the issuance of the petition.
An intake officer may proceed informally on a complaint
alleging a child is in need of services, in need of supervision, or delinquent
only if the juvenile (i) (a)
is not alleged to have committed a violent juvenile felony or (ii) (b)
has not previously been proceeded against informally or adjudicated delinquent
for an offense that would be a felony if committed by an adult. A petition
alleging that a juvenile committed a violent juvenile felony shall be filed
with the court. A petition alleging that a juvenile is delinquent for an
offense that would be a felony if committed by an adult shall be filed with the
court if the juvenile had previously been proceeded against informally by
intake or had been adjudicated delinquent for an offense that would be a felony
if committed by an adult.
If a juvenile is alleged to be a truant pursuant to a
complaint filed in accordance with §22.1-258 and the attendance officer has
provided documentation to the intake officer that the relevant school division
has complied with the provisions of §22.1-258, then the intake officer shall
file a petition with the court. The intake officer may defer filing the
complaint for 90 days and proceed informally by developing a truancy plan,
provided that (a) (1) the juvenile has not
previously been proceeded against informally or adjudicated in need of
supervision on more than two occasions for failure to comply with compulsory
school attendance as provided in §22.1-254 and (b) (2) the immediately previous
informal action or adjudication occurred at least three calendar years prior to
the current complaint. The juvenile and his parent or parents, guardian, or
other person standing in loco parentis must agree, in writing, for the
development of a truancy plan. The truancy plan may include requirements that
the juvenile and his parent or parents, guardian, or other person standing in
loco parentis participate in such programs, cooperate in such treatment, or be
subject to such conditions and limitations as necessary to ensure the
juvenile's compliance with compulsory school attendance as provided in §
22.1-254. The intake officer may refer the juvenile to the appropriate public
agency for the purpose of developing a truancy plan using an interagency
interdisciplinary team approach. The team may include qualified personnel who
are reasonably available from the appropriate department of social services,
community services board, local school division, court service unit, and other
appropriate and available public and private agencies and may be the family
assessment and planning team established pursuant to §2.2-5207. If at the end
of the 90-day period the juvenile has not successfully completed the truancy
plan or the truancy program, then the intake officer shall file the petition.
Whenever informal action is taken as provided in this
subsection on a complaint alleging that a child is in need of services, in need
of supervision, or delinquent, the intake officer shall (1) (A) develop a plan for the
juvenile, which may include restitution and the performance of community
service, based upon community resources and the circumstances which resulted in
the complaint, (2) (B) create an official record
of the action taken by the intake officer and file such record in the juvenile's
case file, and (3) (C) advise the juvenile and
the juvenile's parent, guardian, or other person standing in loco parentis and
the complainant that any subsequent complaint alleging that the child is in
need of supervision or delinquent based upon facts which may be sufficient to
invoke the jurisdiction of the court pursuant to §16.1-241 will result in the
filing of a petition with the court.
C. The intake officer shall accept and file a petition in which it is alleged that (i) the custody, visitation, or support of a child is the subject of controversy or requires determination, (ii) a person has deserted, abandoned, or failed to provide support for any person in violation of law, (iii) a child or such child's parent, guardian, legal custodian, or other person standing in loco parentis is entitled to treatment, rehabilitation, or other services which are required by law, (iv) family abuse has occurred and a protective order is being sought pursuant to §16.1-253.1, 16.1-253.4, or 16.1-279.1, or (v) an act of violence, force, or threat has occurred, a protective order is being sought pursuant to §19.2-152.8, 19.2-152.9, or 19.2-152.10, and either the alleged victim or the respondent is a juvenile. If any such complainant does not file a petition, the intake officer may file it. In cases in which a child is alleged to be abused, neglected, in need of services, in need of supervision, or delinquent, if the intake officer believes that probable cause does not exist, or that the authorization of a petition will not be in the best interest of the family or juvenile or that the matter may be effectively dealt with by some agency other than the court, he may refuse to authorize the filing of a petition. The intake officer shall provide to a person seeking a protective order pursuant to § 16.1-253.1, 16.1-253.4, or 16.1-279.1 a written explanation of the conditions, procedures and time limits applicable to the issuance of protective orders pursuant to §16.1-253.1, 16.1-253.4, or 16.1-279.1. If the person is seeking a protective order pursuant to §19.2-152.8, 19.2-152.9, or 19.2-152.10, the intake officer shall provide a written explanation of the conditions, procedures, and time limits applicable to the issuance of protective orders pursuant to §19.2-152.8, 19.2-152.9, or 19.2-152.10.
D. Prior to the filing of any petition alleging that a child is in need of supervision, the matter shall be reviewed by an intake officer who shall determine whether the petitioner and the child alleged to be in need of supervision have utilized or attempted to utilize treatment and services available in the community and have exhausted all appropriate nonjudicial remedies which are available to them. When the intake officer determines that the parties have not attempted to utilize available treatment or services or have not exhausted all appropriate nonjudicial remedies which are available, he shall refer the petitioner and the child alleged to be in need of supervision to the appropriate agency, treatment facility, or individual to receive treatment or services, and a petition shall not be filed. Only after the intake officer determines that the parties have made a reasonable effort to utilize available community treatment or services may he permit the petition to be filed.
E. If the intake officer refuses to authorize a petition relating to an offense that if committed by an adult would be punishable as a Class 1 misdemeanor or as a felony, the complainant shall be notified in writing at that time of the complainant's right to apply to a magistrate for a warrant. If a magistrate determines that probable cause exists, he shall issue a warrant returnable to the juvenile and domestic relations district court. The warrant shall be delivered forthwith to the juvenile court, and the intake officer shall accept and file a petition founded upon the warrant. If the court is closed and the magistrate finds that the criteria for detention or shelter care set forth in §16.1-248.1 have been satisfied, the juvenile may be detained pursuant to the warrant issued in accordance with this subsection. If the intake officer refuses to authorize a petition relating to a child in need of services or in need of supervision, a status offense, or a misdemeanor other than Class 1, his decision is final.
Upon delivery to the juvenile court of a warrant issued pursuant to subdivision 2 of §16.1-256, the intake officer shall accept and file a petition founded upon the warrant.
F. The intake officer shall notify the attorney for the Commonwealth of the filing of any petition which alleges facts of an offense which would be a felony if committed by an adult.
G. Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 12 (§16.1-299 et seq.), the intake officer shall file a report with the division superintendent of the school division in which any student who is the subject of a petition alleging that such student who is a juvenile has committed an act, wherever committed, which would be a crime if committed by an adult, or that such student who is an adult has committed a crime and is alleged to be within the jurisdiction of the court. The report shall notify the division superintendent of the filing of the petition and the nature of the offense, if the violation involves:
1. A firearm offense pursuant to Article 4 (§18.2-279 et seq.), 5 (§18.2-288 et seq.), 6 (§18.2-299 et seq.), 6.1 (§18.2-307.1 et seq.), or 7 (§18.2-308.1 et seq.) of Chapter 7 of Title 18.2;
2. Homicide, pursuant to Article 1 (§18.2-30 et seq.) of Chapter 4 of Title 18.2;
3. Felonious assault and bodily wounding, pursuant to Article 4 (§18.2-51 et seq.) of Chapter 4 of Title 18.2;
4. Criminal sexual assault, pursuant to Article 7 (§18.2-61 et seq.) of Chapter 4 of Title 18.2;
5. Manufacture, sale, gift, distribution or possession of Schedule I or II controlled substances, pursuant to Article 1 (§18.2-247 et seq.) of Chapter 7 of Title 18.2;
6. Manufacture, sale or distribution of marijuana pursuant to Article 1 (§18.2-247 et seq.) of Chapter 7 of Title 18.2;
7. Arson and related crimes, pursuant to Article 1 (§18.2-77 et seq.) of Chapter 5 of Title 18.2;
8. Burglary and related offenses, pursuant to §§18.2-89 through 18.2-93;
9. Robbery pursuant to §18.2-58;
10. Prohibited criminal street gang activity pursuant to § 18.2-46.2;
11. Recruitment of other juveniles for a criminal street gang activity pursuant to §18.2-46.3;
12. An act of violence by a mob pursuant to §18.2-42.1;
13. Abduction of any person pursuant to §18.2-47 or 18.2-48; or
14. A threat pursuant to §18.2-60.
The failure to provide information regarding the school in which the student who is the subject of the petition may be enrolled shall not be grounds for refusing to file a petition.
The information provided to a division superintendent pursuant to this section may be disclosed only as provided in §16.1-305.2.
H. The filing of a petition shall not be necessary:
1. In the case of violations of the traffic laws, including offenses involving bicycles, hitchhiking and other pedestrian offenses, game and fish laws, or a violation of the ordinance of any city regulating surfing or any ordinance establishing curfew violations, animal control violations, or littering violations. In such cases the court may proceed on a summons issued by the officer investigating the violation in the same manner as provided by law for adults. Additionally, an officer investigating a motor vehicle accident may, at the scene of the accident or at any other location where a juvenile who is involved in such an accident may be located, proceed on a summons in lieu of filing a petition.
2. In the case of seeking consent to apply for the issuance of a work permit pursuant to subsection H of §16.1-241.
3. In the case of a misdemeanor violation of § 18.2-250.1, 18.2-266,
18.2-266.1, or 29.1-738, or the commission of any other alcohol-related
offense, or a violation of §18.2-250.1,
provided that the juvenile is released
to the custody of a parent or legal guardian pending the initial court date.
The officer releasing a juvenile to the custody of a parent or legal guardian
shall issue a summons to the juvenile and shall also issue a summons requiring
the parent or legal guardian to appear before the court with the juvenile.
Disposition of the charge shall be in the manner provided in §16.1-278.8, 16.1-278.8:01,
or 16.1-278.9. If the juvenile so charged with a violation of §18.2-51.4,
18.2-266, 18.2-266.1, 18.2-272, or 29.1-738 refuses to provide a sample of
blood or breath or samples of both blood and breath for chemical analysis
pursuant to §§18.2-268.1 through 18.2-268.12 or 29.1-738.2, the provisions of
these sections shall be followed except that the magistrate shall authorize
execution of the warrant as a summons. The summons shall be served on a parent
or legal guardian and the juvenile, and a copy of the summons shall be
forwarded to the court in which the violation is to be tried. When a violation
of §18.2-250.1 is charged by summons, the juvenile shall be entitled to have
the charge referred to intake for consideration of informal proceedings
pursuant to subsection B, provided that
such right is exercised by written notification to the clerk not later than 10
days prior to trial. At the time such summons alleging a violation of §
18.2-250.1 is served, the officer shall also serve upon the juvenile written
notice of the right to have the charge referred to intake on a form approved by
the Supreme Court and make return of such service to the court. If the officer
fails to make such service or return, the court shall dismiss the summons without
prejudice.
4. In the case of offenses which, if committed by an adult, would be punishable as a Class 3 or Class 4 misdemeanor. In such cases the court may direct that an intake officer proceed as provided in §16.1-237 on a summons issued by the officer investigating the violation in the same manner as provided by law for adults provided that notice of the summons to appear is mailed by the investigating officer within five days of the issuance of the summons to a parent or legal guardian of the juvenile.
I. Failure to comply with the procedures set forth in this section shall not divest the juvenile court of the jurisdiction granted it in § 16.1-241.
§18.2-250.1. Possession of marijuana unlawful.
A. It is unlawful for any person knowingly or intentionally to possess marijuana unless the substance was obtained directly from, or pursuant to, a valid prescription or order of a practitioner while acting in the course of his professional practice, or except as otherwise authorized by the Drug Control Act (§54.1-3400 et seq.). The attorney for the Commonwealth or the county, city, or town attorney may prosecute such a case. Any violation of this section may be charged by summons.
Upon the prosecution of a person for violation of this section, ownership or occupancy of the premises or vehicle upon or in which marijuana was found shall not create a presumption that such person either knowingly or intentionally possessed such marijuana.
Any person who violates this section is
guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be confined in jail not more than 30 days and
fined not more than $500, either or both; any person, upon a second or
subsequent conviction of a violation of this section, is guilty of a Class 1
misdemeanor subject to a civil
penalty of no more than $50, upon a second violation is subject to a civil
penalty of no more than $100, and upon a third or subsequent violation is
subject to a civil penalty of no more than $250. Such civil penalties are
payable to the Literary Fund.
B. The provisions of this section shall not apply to members of state, federal, county, city, or town law-enforcement agencies, jail officers, or correctional officers, as defined in §53.1-1, certified as handlers of dogs trained in the detection of controlled substances when possession of marijuana is necessary for the performance of their duties.
C. In any prosecution under this section involving marijuana in the form of cannabidiol oil or THC-A oil as those terms are defined in § 54.1-3408.3, it shall be an affirmative defense that the individual possessed such oil pursuant to a valid written certification issued by a practitioner in the course of his professional practice pursuant to §54.1-3408.3 for treatment or to alleviate the symptoms of (i) the individual's diagnosed condition or disease, (ii) if such individual is the parent or legal guardian of a minor or of an incapacitated adult as defined in §18.2-369, such minor's or incapacitated adult's diagnosed condition or disease, or (iii) if such individual has been designated as a registered agent pursuant to §54.1-3408.3, the diagnosed condition or disease of his principal or, if the principal is the parent or legal guardian of a minor or of an incapacitated adult as defined in § 18.2-369, such minor's or incapacitated adult's diagnosed condition or disease. If the individual files the valid written certification with the court at least 10 days prior to trial and causes a copy of such written certification to be delivered to the attorney for the Commonwealth, or the county, city, or town attorney prosecuting the case, such written certification shall be prima facie evidence that such oil was possessed pursuant to a valid written certification.
§18.2-251. Persons charged with first offense may be placed on probation; conditions; substance abuse screening, assessment treatment and education programs or services; drug tests; costs and fees; violations; discharge.
Whenever any person who has not previously been convicted of
any criminal offense under this
article or under any statute of the United States or of any state relating to
narcotic drugs, marijuana, or stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic drugs,
or has not previously had a proceeding against him for violation of such an
offense dismissed as provided in this section, pleads guilty to or enters a
plea of not guilty to possession of a controlled substance under §18.2-250 or to possession of marijuana under §18.2-250.1,
the court, upon such plea if the facts found by the court would justify a
finding of guilt, without entering a judgment of guilt and with the consent of
the accused, may defer further proceedings and place him on probation upon
terms and conditions. If the court defers further proceedings, at that time the
court shall determine whether the clerk of court has been provided with the
fingerprint identification information or fingerprints of the person, taken by
a law-enforcement officer pursuant to §19.2-390, and, if not, shall order that
the fingerprints and photograph of the person be taken by a law-enforcement
officer.
As a term or condition, the court shall require the accused to undergo a substance abuse assessment pursuant to §18.2-251.01 or 19.2-299.2, as appropriate, and enter treatment and/or education program or services, if available, such as, in the opinion of the court, may be best suited to the needs of the accused based upon consideration of the substance abuse assessment. The program or services may be located in the judicial district in which the charge is brought or in any other judicial district as the court may provide. The services shall be provided by (i) a program licensed by the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, by a similar program which is made available through the Department of Corrections, (ii) a local community-based probation services agency established pursuant to § 9.1-174, or (iii) an ASAP program certified by the Commission on VASAP.
The court shall require the person entering such program under the provisions of this section to pay all or part of the costs of the program, including the costs of the screening, assessment, testing, and treatment, based upon the accused's ability to pay unless the person is determined by the court to be indigent.
As a condition of probation, the court shall require the
accused (a) to successfully complete treatment or education program or
services, (b) to remain drug and alcohol free during the period of probation
and submit to such tests during that period as may be necessary and appropriate
to determine if the accused is drug and alcohol free, (c) to make reasonable
efforts to secure and maintain employment, and (d) to comply with a plan of at
least 100 hours of community service for a felony and up to 24 hours of
community service for a misdemeanor. In addition to any
community service required by the court pursuant to clause (d), if the court
does not suspend or revoke the accused's license as a term or condition of
probation for a violation of §18.2-250.1, the court shall require the accused
to comply with a plan of 50 hours of community service.
Such testing shall be conducted by personnel of the supervising probation
agency or personnel of any program or agency approved by the supervising
probation agency.
Upon violation of a term or condition, the court may enter an adjudication of guilt and proceed as otherwise provided. Upon fulfillment of the terms and conditions, and upon determining that the clerk of court has been provided with the fingerprint identification information or fingerprints of such person, the court shall discharge the person and dismiss the proceedings against him. Discharge and dismissal under this section shall be without adjudication of guilt and is a conviction only for the purposes of applying this section in subsequent proceedings.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, whenever
a court places an individual on probation upon terms and conditions pursuant to
this section, such action shall be treated as a conviction for purposes of §§
18.2-259.1, 22.1-315, and 46.2-390.1, and the driver's license forfeiture
provisions of those sections shall be imposed.
However, if the court places an individual on probation upon terms and
conditions for a violation of §18.2-250.1, such action shall not be treated as
a conviction for purposes of §18.2-259.1 or 46.2-390.1, provided that a court
(1) may suspend or revoke an individual's driver's license as a term or
condition of probation and (2) shall suspend or revoke an individual's driver's
license as a term or condition of probation for a period of six months if the
violation of §18.2-250.1 was committed while such person was in operation of a
motor vehicle. The provisions of this paragraph shall not
be applicable to any offense for which a juvenile has had his license suspended
or denied pursuant to §16.1-278.9 for the same offense.
§18.2-252. Suspended sentence conditioned upon substance abuse screening, assessment, testing, and treatment or education.
The trial judge or court trying the case (i)
of any person found guilty of violating a criminal violation of any
law concerning the use, in any manner, of drugs, controlled substances,
narcotics, marijuana, noxious chemical substances and like substances, or
(ii) any juvenile penalized for a violation of §18.2-250.1
shall condition any suspended sentence or suspension of any
civil penalty by first requiring such person to agree to
undergo a substance abuse screening pursuant to §18.2-251.01 and to submit to
such periodic substance abuse testing, to include alcohol testing, as may be
directed by the court. Such testing shall be conducted by the supervising
probation agency or by personnel of any program or agency approved by the
supervising probation agency. The cost of such testing ordered by the court
shall be paid by the Commonwealth and taxed as a part of the costs of such criminal proceedings. The
judge or court shall order the person, as a condition of any suspended sentence or suspended civil penalty, to
undergo such treatment or education for substance abuse, if available, as the
judge or court deems appropriate based upon consideration of the substance
abuse assessment. The treatment or education shall be provided by a program or
agency licensed by the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental
Services, by a similar program or services available through the Department of
Corrections if the court imposes a sentence of one year or more or, if the
court imposes a sentence of 12 months or less, by a similar program or services
available through a local or regional jail, a local community-based probation
services agency established pursuant to §9.1-174, or an ASAP program certified
by the Commission on VASAP.
§18.2-259.1. Forfeiture of driver's license for violations of article.
A. In addition to any other sanction or penalty imposed for a criminal violation of this
article, the (i) judgment of conviction under this article or (ii) placement on
probation following deferral of further proceedings under §18.2-251, except if the proceeding was for possession of
marijuana pursuant to §18.2-250.1, or
subsection H of §18.2-258.1 for any such offense shall of itself operate to
deprive the person so convicted or placed on probation after deferral of
proceedings under §18.2-251 or subsection H of §18.2-258.1 of the privilege
to drive or operate a motor vehicle, engine, or train in the Commonwealth for a
period of six months from the date of such judgment or placement on probation.
Such license forfeiture shall be in addition to and shall run consecutively
with any other license suspension, revocation,
or forfeiture in effect or imposed upon the person so convicted or placed on
probation. However, a juvenile who has had his license suspended or denied
pursuant to §16.1-278.9 shall not have his license forfeited pursuant to this
section for the same offense.
B. The court trying the case shall order any person so convicted or placed on probation to surrender his driver's license to be disposed of in accordance with the provisions of §46.2-398 and shall notify the Department of Motor Vehicles of any such conviction entered and of the license forfeiture to be imposed.
C. In those cases where the court determines there are
compelling circumstances warranting an exception, the court may provide that
any individual be issued a restricted license to operate a motor vehicle for
any of the purposes set forth in subsection E of §18.2-271.1. No restricted
license issued pursuant to this subsection shall permit any person to operate a
commercial motor vehicle as defined in the Virginia Commercial Driver's License
Act (§46.2-341.1 et seq.). The court shall order the surrender of such
person's license in accordance with the provisions of subsection B and shall
forward to the Commissioner of the Department of Motor Vehicles a copy of its
order entered pursuant to this subsection. This order shall specifically enumerate
the restrictions imposed and contain such information regarding the person to
whom such a permit is issued as is reasonably necessary to identify such
person. The court shall also provide a copy of its order to such person who may
operate a motor vehicle on the order until receipt from the Commissioner of the
Department of Motor Vehicles of a restricted license, but only if the order
provides for a restricted license for that period. A copy of the order and,
after receipt thereof, the restricted license shall be carried at all times by
such person while operating a motor vehicle. The court may require a person
issued a restricted permit under the provisions of this subsection to be
monitored by an alcohol safety action program during the period of license suspension.
Any violation of the terms of the restricted license or of any condition set
forth by the court related thereto, or any failure to remain drug-free during
such period shall be reported forthwith to the court by such program. Any
person who operates a motor vehicle in violation of any restriction imposed
pursuant to this section shall be is guilty of a violation of §
46.2-301.
D. Any person who has been convicted under the laws of another state or the United States of a violation substantially similar to a violation of this article and whose privilege to operate a motor vehicle in the Commonwealth is subject to revocation under the provisions of §46.2-390.1 may petition the general district court of the county or city in which he resides for restricted driving privileges. Subject to the limitations provided in subsection C, if the court determines that there are compelling circumstances warranting an exception, the court may provide that any such person be issued a restricted license to operate a motor vehicle for any of the purposes set forth in subsection E of §18.2-271.1.
§18.2-308.09. Disqualifications for a concealed handgun permit.
The following persons shall be deemed disqualified from obtaining a permit:
1. An individual who is ineligible to possess a firearm pursuant to §18.2-308.1:1, 18.2-308.1:2, or 18.2-308.1:3 or the substantially similar law of any other state or of the United States.
2. An individual who was ineligible to possess a firearm pursuant to §18.2-308.1:1 and who was discharged from the custody of the Commissioner pursuant to §19.2-182.7 less than five years before the date of his application for a concealed handgun permit.
3. An individual who was ineligible to possess a firearm pursuant to §18.2-308.1:2 and whose competency or capacity was restored pursuant to §64.2-2012 less than five years before the date of his application for a concealed handgun permit.
4. An individual who was ineligible to possess a firearm under §18.2-308.1:3 and who was released from commitment less than five years before the date of this application for a concealed handgun permit.
5. An individual who is subject to a restraining order, or to a protective order and prohibited by §18.2-308.1:4 from purchasing, possessing, or transporting a firearm.
6. (Effective until January 1, 2021) An individual who is prohibited by §18.2-308.2 from possessing or transporting a firearm, except that a permit may be obtained in accordance with subsection C of that section.
6. (Effective January 1, 2021) An individual who is prohibited by §18.2-308.2 from possessing or transporting a firearm, except that a restoration order may be obtained in accordance with subsection C of that section.
7. An individual who has been convicted of two or more misdemeanors within the five-year period immediately preceding the application, if one of the misdemeanors was a Class 1 misdemeanor, but the judge shall have the discretion to deny a permit for two or more misdemeanors that are not Class 1. Traffic infractions and misdemeanors set forth in Title 46.2 shall not be considered for purposes of this disqualification.
8. An individual who is addicted to, or is an unlawful user or distributor of, marijuana, synthetic cannabinoids, or any controlled substance.
9. An individual who has been convicted of a violation of § 18.2-266 or a substantially similar local ordinance, or of public drunkenness, or of a substantially similar offense under the laws of any other state, the District of Columbia, the United States, or its territories within the three-year period immediately preceding the application, or who is a habitual drunkard as determined pursuant to §4.1-333.
10. An alien other than an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence in the United States.
11. An individual who has been discharged from the armed forces of the United States under dishonorable conditions.
12. An individual who is a fugitive from justice.
13. An individual who the court finds, by a preponderance of the evidence, based on specific acts by the applicant, is likely to use a weapon unlawfully or negligently to endanger others. The sheriff, chief of police, or attorney for the Commonwealth may submit to the court a sworn, written statement indicating that, in the opinion of such sheriff, chief of police, or attorney for the Commonwealth, based upon a disqualifying conviction or upon the specific acts set forth in the statement, the applicant is likely to use a weapon unlawfully or negligently to endanger others. The statement of the sheriff, chief of police, or the attorney for the Commonwealth shall be based upon personal knowledge of such individual or of a deputy sheriff, police officer, or assistant attorney for the Commonwealth of the specific acts, or upon a written statement made under oath before a notary public of a competent person having personal knowledge of the specific acts.
14. An individual who has been convicted of any assault, assault and battery, sexual battery, discharging of a firearm in violation of § 18.2-280 or 18.2-286.1 or brandishing of a firearm in violation of §18.2-282 within the three-year period immediately preceding the application.
15. An individual who has been convicted of stalking.
16. An individual whose previous convictions or adjudications of delinquency were based on an offense that would have been at the time of conviction a felony if committed by an adult under the laws of any state, the District of Columbia, the United States or its territories. For purposes of this disqualifier, only convictions occurring within 16 years following the later of the date of (i) the conviction or adjudication or (ii) release from any incarceration imposed upon such conviction or adjudication shall be deemed to be "previous convictions." Disqualification under this subdivision shall not apply to an individual with previous adjudications of delinquency who has completed a term of service of no less than two years in the Armed Forces of the United States and, if such person has been discharged from the Armed Forces of the United States, received an honorable discharge.
17. An individual who has a felony charge pending or a charge pending for an offense listed in subdivision 14 or 15.
18. An individual who has received mental health treatment or substance abuse treatment in a residential setting within five years prior to the date of his application for a concealed handgun permit.
19. An individual not otherwise ineligible pursuant to this article, who, within the three-year period immediately preceding the application for the permit, was found guilty of any criminal offense set forth in Article 1 (§18.2-247 et seq.) or former §18.2-248.1:1 or of a criminal offense of illegal possession or distribution of marijuana, synthetic cannabinoids, or any controlled substance, under the laws of any state, the District of Columbia, or the United States or its territories.
20. An individual, not otherwise ineligible pursuant to this article, with respect to whom, within the three-year period immediately preceding the application, upon a charge of any criminal offense set forth in Article 1 (§18.2-247 et seq.) or former §18.2-248.1:1 or upon a charge of illegal possession or distribution of marijuana, synthetic cannabinoids, or any controlled substance under the laws of any state, the District of Columbia, or the United States or its territories, the trial court found that the facts of the case were sufficient for a finding of guilt and disposed of the case pursuant to §18.2-251 or the substantially similar law of any other state, the District of Columbia, or the United States or its territories or who was subject to a civil penalty for a violation of §18.2-250.1.
§18.2-308.1:5. Purchase or transportation of firearm by persons convicted of certain drug offenses prohibited.
Any person who, within a 36-consecutive-month period, has been
convicted of two misdemeanor offenses under subsection B of former §
18.2-248.1:1, or
§18.2-250 or 18.2-250.1 shall be ineligible to purchase or transport a
handgun. A civil violation under §18.2-250.1 shall be
considered a conviction for purposes of this section.
However, upon expiration of a period of five years from the date of the second
conviction or civil violation and
provided that the person has not been
convicted of or the subject of a civil penalty for
any such offense within that period, the ineligibility shall be removed.
§46.2-390.1. Required revocation for conviction of drug offenses or deferral of proceedings.
A. Except as otherwise ordered pursuant to §18.2-259.1, the Commissioner
shall forthwith revoke, and not thereafter reissue for six months from the
later of (i) the date of conviction, date of judgment for a
violation of §18.2-250.1 by a juvenile, or date of deferral of
proceedings under §18.2-251, unless the deferral
was for proceedings for possession of marijuana pursuant to §18.2-250.1,
or (ii) the next date of eligibility to be licensed, the driver's license,
registration card, and license plates of any resident or nonresident on
receiving notification of (a) his conviction or
judgment for a violation of §18.2-250.1 by a
juvenile, (b) his having been found guilty in the case of a
juvenile, or (c) the deferral of further proceedings against him under §
18.2-251 for any violation of any provisions of Article 1 (§18.2-247 et seq.)
of Chapter 7 of Title 18.2, unless the proceedings
were for possession of marijuana pursuant to §18.2-250.1,
or of any state or federal law or valid county, city,
or town ordinance, or a law of any other state substantially similar to
provisions of such Virginia laws. Such license revocation shall be in addition
to and shall run consecutively with any other license suspension, revocation, or forfeiture in effect
against such person.
B. Any person whose license has been revoked pursuant to this section and §18.2-259.1 shall be subject to the provisions of §§46.2-370 and 46.2-414 and shall be required to pay a reinstatement fee as provided in § 46.2-411 in order to have his license restored.